These can occur in many places:
; Within an automated transaction, the assert is evaluated every time
; a posting is matched, with the expression context set to the
; matching posting.
= /Food/
assert account("Expenses:Food").total >= $100
2010-06-12 Sample
Expenses:Food $100
Assets:Checking
; At file scope, the expression is evaluated with "global" scope.
assert account("Expenses:Food").total == $100
; At the top of a transction, the assertion's scope is the
; transaction. After a posting, the scope is that posting. Note
; however that account totals are only adjusted after successful
; parsing of a transaction, which means that all the assertions below
; are true, even though it appears as though the middle posting should
; affect the total immediately (which is not the case).
2010-06-12 Sample 2
assert account("Expenses:Food").total == $100
Expenses:Food $50
assert account("Expenses:Food").total == $100
Assets:Checking
assert account("Expenses:Food").total == $100
For example, consider the following automated transaction:
= /Food/
; Next Date:: date + 10
(Expenses:Tax) 1.00
; Next Date:: date + 20
This will add a metadata field named 'Next Date' to the _matching
posting_, with a value that is 10 days later than that posting. It will
also generate a new posting for that transaction, whose amount is the
same as the matching posting. Further, it will add a 'Next Date'
metadata tag to the _generated posting_ whose value is 20 days later
than the date of the matching posting.
It allows transactions like the following to auto-balance:
1999/08/16 Sell AAPL
Assets:Broker $585
Expense:Broker:Commissions $15
Assets:Broker -10 AAPL {$30} @ $60
Income:Capital Gains
any() matches an expression against every post in a transaction or
account, and returns true if any of them are true. all() tests if all
are true. For example:
ledger -l 'account =~ /Expense/ & any(account =~ /MasterCard/)' reg
This reports every posting affecting an Expense account (regex match),
but only if some other posting in the same transaction affects the
MasterCard account.
Both functions also take a second boolean argument. If it is false, the
"source" posting is not considered. For example:
ledger -l 'any(/x/, false)'
This matches any posting where a *different* posting in the same
transaction contains the letter 'x'.
This reduces parsing time in the optimized build by 25%, and was a safe,
easy patch. If the "quick predicate evaluator" fails, we disable it
from that point on go back to what the standard code does.
This allows for value expressions to be used which reference the
incoming posting, for example:
= Income:Clients:
(Liabilities:Taxes:VAT1) (floor(amount) * 1)
(Liabilities:Taxes:VAT2) 0.19
2009/07/27 * Invoice
Assets:Bank:Checking $1,190.45
Income:Clients:ACME_Inc
The automated posting for VAT1 will use the floored amount multiplied by
a factor, while the posting for VAT2 multiples the whole amount as
before.
The different namespaces are:
Function Value expression functions, which receive a "context"
Option Command-line options
Precommand Commands which are invoked before reading the journal
Command Commands which are invoked after reading the journal
Directive Directives that occur at column 0 in a data file
This greatly eases the ability for Python uses to add intercept hooks to
change how the basic Ledger module functions. An example of what should
be possible soon:
import ledger
def my_foo_handler(value):
print "--foo received:", value
ledger.add_handler(ledger.Option, "foo=", my_foo_handler)
id returns a unique SHA1 id of a transaction.
idstring is the string that the SHA1 is based on.
magnitude is the sum of the positive side of a transaction.
